Minecraft Performance & Fix Guides
Get your TPS back to 20. These guides diagnose and fix the real causes of Minecraft lag, from RAM and JVM flags to chunk loading, entity build-up and the most common crash errors, with the exact settings to change.
101 guides1.21 Java & Bedrock
Minecraft Server Optimization GuideTune your Minecraft server for stable TPS, Paper config, view distance, mob caps, JVM flags and the real bottlenecks.Read guide
How to Get 20 TPS on Your Minecraft ServerLearn how to diagnose and fix TPS drops on your Minecraft server with Paper config tuning, entity management, and step-by-step optimization techniques.Read guide
Best JVM Flags for Minecraft Servers 2026Aikar's JVM flags explained line by line, plus ZGC for high-memory servers, Forge/Fabric tuning, and how to apply flags in Pterodactyl and other panels.Read guideHow to Use Spark to Find Lag on Your Minecraft ServerComplete guide to installing and using Spark profiler to diagnose lag, read flame graphs, check memory and GC, and pinpoint which plugin or system is slowing your server.Read guideHow to Pregenerate Your Minecraft World with ChunkyStep-by-step guide to using the Chunky plugin to pre-generate your Minecraft world, eliminate chunk generation lag, and prepare a smooth launch for your server.Read guideHow to Fix 'Can't Keep Up' on a Minecraft ServerLearn why your Minecraft server says 'Can't keep up! Is the server overloaded?' and how to fix it with tick optimisation, JVM flags and plugin audits.Read guideFix 'Connection Timed Out' Minecraft Server ErrorTroubleshoot and fix the 'Connection Timed Out' error when joining a Minecraft server, port forwarding, firewalls, DNS and ISP issues explained.Read guideFix 'Failed to Verify Username' in MinecraftResolve the 'Failed to verify username' error in Minecraft caused by Mojang session server issues, VPNs, online-mode settings and authentication problems.Read guideHow to Fix Lag on a Minecraft Server (2026)Complete guide to diagnosing and fixing Minecraft server lag, TPS optimisation, entity management, chunk loading, JVM tuning and network latency fixes.Read guideFix 'Out of Memory' Error on Minecraft ServersResolve java.lang.OutOfMemoryError on Minecraft servers, diagnose memory leaks, tune JVM heap size, fix chunk loading issues and optimise plugin memory usage.Read guideFix Chunk Loading Errors in Minecraft ServersResolve chunk loading errors and corrupted chunks on Minecraft servers, symptoms, causes, region file repair and prevention strategies.Read guideMinecraft Server Not Starting? Here's How to Fix ItTroubleshoot a Minecraft server that won't start, Java version errors, port conflicts, corrupted files, missing EULA and common startup failures explained.Read guide
How to Fix Plugin Compatibility Issues (Minecraft)Resolve Minecraft plugin compatibility issues, version mismatches, API breaks, dependency conflicts, soft-depend errors and class loading problems.Read guideHow to Fix & Recover a Corrupt Minecraft WorldRecover a corrupted Minecraft world, repair level.dat, fix region files, restore player data and prevent future world corruption on servers.Read guideHow to Diagnose & Fix TPS Drops on Minecraft ServersStep-by-step guide to diagnosing and fixing TPS drops on Minecraft servers, profiling with Spark, entity culling, tick analysis and Paper optimisation.Read guideFix Player Data Loss on Minecraft ServersRecover and prevent player data loss on Minecraft servers, inventory rollback, playerdata file recovery, NBT repair and backup strategies.Read guideFix Java Version Errors on Minecraft ServersResolve Java version errors on Minecraft servers, UnsupportedClassVersionError, install the correct JDK, manage multiple Java versions and configure your start script.Read guideFix Whitelist Not Working on Minecraft ServersTroubleshoot whitelist issues on Minecraft servers, whitelist not enforcing, players unable to join despite being whitelisted, UUID mismatches and proxy configurations.Read guide
Fix Permission Denied Errors on Minecraft ServersResolve permission denied errors on Minecraft servers, LuckPerms setup, permission nodes, inheritance, file system permissions and op level configuration.Read guideFix Nether Portal Linking Issues in MinecraftFix Nether portal linking problems, portals connecting to the wrong destination, portal math, coordinate conversion, multiworld plugin conflicts and manual linking.Read guideFix Mobs Not Spawning on Your Minecraft ServerTroubleshoot and fix mobs not spawning on Minecraft servers, mob caps, spawn conditions, gamerules, Paper spawn limits, light levels and difficulty settings.Read guideFix High CPU Usage on Minecraft ServersDiagnose and fix high CPU usage on Minecraft servers, Spark profiling, tick analysis, entity optimisation, garbage collection tuning and hardware considerations.Read guideFix 'Disconnected' / 'Kicked' Errors in MinecraftTroubleshoot and fix Minecraft disconnection and kick errors, timeout kicks, anti-cheat false positives, packet errors, server-side kicks and network stability.Read guideMinecraft Server Crashes on Startup, Full Fix GuideFix Minecraft server crashes on startup, read crash logs, resolve Java errors, fix corrupt worlds, remove broken plugins and diagnose memory issues.Read guideHow to Configure Mob Spawning Rates ProperlyComplete guide to the three layers of mob spawning configuration in Minecraft servers: bukkit.yml spawn limits, spigot.yml ranges, and Paper per-player mob spawns.Read guide
Java 21 vs Java 17 for Minecraft Servers, Which to Use?Complete comparison of Java 21 vs Java 17 for Minecraft servers including version requirements, performance differences, installation steps and common errors.Read guideHow to Set Up a MOTD with Colors and FormattingLearn how to customize your Minecraft server MOTD with color codes, hex colors, animated text and a custom favicon. Covers server.properties and MiniMOTD plugin.Read guideHow to Create Custom Join and Leave MessagesSet up custom join and leave messages on your Minecraft server using EssentialsX, LuckPerms meta, PlaceholderAPI placeholders, and per-group formatting.Read guideHow to Set Up Tab List Formatting, TAB Plugin GuideComplete guide to installing and configuring the TAB plugin by NEZNAMY for custom tab list headers, footers, rank prefixes, sorting and animations.Read guideHow to Create Custom Scoreboards on Your Minecraft ServerSet up a custom sidebar scoreboard using AnimatedScoreboard, FeatherBoard, or the FastBoard API. Includes PlaceholderAPI placeholders, animations and performance tips.Read guideHow to Set Up a Server Resource Pack (Auto-Download)Push a custom resource pack to players on join with auto-download. Covers hosting, SHA-1 hashing, CustomModelData, pack format versions and Bedrock limitations.Read guideTimings vs Spark, Which Minecraft Profiler Should You Use?Compare Paper Timings and Spark profiler for diagnosing Minecraft server lag. Learn how to read flame graphs, Timings reports, and when to use each tool.Read guideHow to Optimize Chunk Loading on Your Minecraft ServerSpeed up chunk loading with Paper async chunk system, Chunky pre-generation, NVMe storage, and config tuning. Reduce lag when players explore new terrain.Read guide
How to Reduce RAM Usage on Your Minecraft ServerDiagnose and reduce memory usage on your Minecraft server through config tuning, plugin auditing, JVM flags, and monitoring with Spark. Know when to optimize vs upgrade.Read guideHow to Stop Redstone Lag on Your ServerDiagnose and fix redstone-caused lag on Minecraft servers: Paper's alternate-current, Spark profiling, entity culling, tick rate limiting, WorldGuard redstone flags, and banning zero-tick machines.Read guideHow to Set Up Chunk Loaders Without LagSet up chunk loaders on a Minecraft server without killing performance: vanilla spawn chunks, plugin options like BetterChunkLoader, per-player limits, online-only loading, and Paper chunk config.Read guideHow to Set view-distance and simulation-distance ProperlyLearn how to configure view distance and simulation distance on your Minecraft server to balance visual range with TPS performance.Read guideWhat Is No-Tick View Distance and Should You Enable ItUnderstand no-tick view distance in Paper, how it differs from regular view distance, and when to enable it for better server performance.Read guideHow Many Players Can a 4GB Minecraft Server HandleFind out how many players a 4GB Minecraft server can support, what factors affect capacity, and how to optimize for the best experience.Read guideHow Many Players Can a 8GB Minecraft Server HandleDetermine how many players an 8GB Minecraft server supports, with benchmarks for different plugin loads and world sizes.Read guideHow Many Players Can a 16GB Minecraft Server HandleExplore the player capacity of a 16GB Minecraft server, including benchmarks for heavy plugin setups and large survival worlds.Read guideHow to Diagnose Server Lag, Step by Step ChecklistA step-by-step checklist to diagnose Minecraft server lag, identify the cause, and fix TPS drops systematically.Read guideMob Cap Explained, Why Your Server Has No MobsUnderstand how the Minecraft mob cap works, why mobs stop spawning, and how to configure it for your server.Read guideHow to Configure Mob Cap Per WorldLearn how to set different mob caps for each world on your Minecraft server using Paper and Bukkit configuration.Read guideTick Speed Explained, Random vs Scheduled TicksUnderstand Minecraft tick speed, the difference between random ticks and scheduled ticks, and how they affect server performance.Read guideHow to Reduce Entity Lag (Item Frames, Armor Stands)Practical techniques to reduce entity lag from item frames, armor stands, dropped items, and other non-mob entities on Minecraft servers.Read guide
How to Use Paper Async PathfindingEnable and configure Paper's async pathfinding to offload mob navigation from the main thread and improve TPS.Read guide
Paper Anti-Xray Feature ExplainedUnderstand Paper's built-in anti-xray system, how engine modes work, and how to configure it without hurting server performance.Read guideWhat Is GC and Why Does It Lag Your ServerLearn what garbage collection is, why it causes lag spikes on Minecraft servers, and how to minimize GC pauses.Read guideG1GC vs ZGC vs Shenandoah for Minecraft ServersCompare G1GC, ZGC, and Shenandoah garbage collectors for Minecraft servers to pick the best one for your heap size and player count.Read guideHow to Read GC Logs and Spot Memory IssuesLearn how to read gc logs minecraft server outputs, enable GC logging with JVM flags, interpret pause times, and fix memory pressure before it causes lag spikes.Read guideHow to Reduce Player Join LagFix the lag spike that hits your Minecraft server every time a player joins. Covers chunk loading, login event plugins, data loading, and async solutions to reduce player join lag minecraft.Read guideHow to Reduce World Save LagStop your Minecraft server from freezing during auto-saves. Learn how to reduce world save lag minecraft servers experience by tuning auto-save intervals, using async I/O, and configuring Paper's chunk save settings.Read guideHow to Optimize Spawn Chunks (Force Loaded Chunks)Learn how to optimize spawn chunks minecraft servers keep permanently loaded. Reduce entity counts, disable redstone, and configure force-loaded chunks for better TPS.Read guideWhy Your TPS Drops at Night (Mob Spawning Explained)Understand why tps drops at night minecraft servers experience. Learn how mob spawning works, why nighttime is expensive, and how to tune spawn rates for better performance.Read guideHow to Detect Lag Machines on Your ServerLearn how to detect lag machines minecraft server griefers build. Use Spark profiling, entity audits, redstone monitors, and anti-lag plugins to find and neutralize intentional lag sources.Read guide
How to Stop Hopper Lag (Limits, Optimizations)Fix hopper lag minecraft server performance issues with Paper's hopper settings, chunk limits, and alternative item transport designs.Read guide
How to Optimize Villager Trading HallsReduce lag from villager trading halls with brain AI tweaks, workstation limits, and chunk isolation. Learn to optimize villager trading hall minecraft builds for server performance.Read guideHow to Limit Entity Counts Per ChunkSet per-chunk entity caps to prevent lag from mob farms, villager halls, and item drops. Learn how to limit entity count per chunk minecraft servers support.Read guideHow to Configure Async Chunk GenerationSet up async chunk generation minecraft Paper servers support to eliminate lag from world exploration. Covers thread counts, I/O priority, and pre-generation strategies.Read guideHow to Use Linear World Format for Faster SavesSwitch from Anvil to the Linear world format for faster chunk saves and smaller file sizes. Learn how the linear world format minecraft servers use reduces I/O overhead.Read guideHow to Limit Tick Lag from Redstone ContraptionsReduce redstone tick lag minecraft server performance suffers from by using ALTERNATE_CURRENT, update limits, and chunk-level redstone monitoring.Read guideHow to Configure Async-Catcher in PaperUnderstand what the async catcher paper minecraft servers include does, how to read its error messages, and when to adjust it. Covers thread safety, plugin debugging, and safe async operations.Read guideHow to Fix java.lang.OutOfMemoryError in MinecraftComplete guide to fixing java.lang.OutOfMemoryError in Minecraft clients and servers. Covers heap tuning, memory leaks, GC flags, and mod memory optimization for Java Edition 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Minecraft Exit Code -1Fix Minecraft exit code -1 (process crashed). Covers Java conflicts, GPU driver issues, mod crashes, and corrupt game files for Java Edition 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Minecraft Exit Code 1Fix Minecraft exit code 1 on launch. Covers Java path issues, missing libraries, Forge and Fabric errors, and launcher misconfigurations for Java Edition 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix java.io.IOException: Failed to Bind to Port in MinecraftFix the 'Failed to bind to port' IOException when starting a Minecraft server. Covers port conflicts, firewall issues, and binding to specific addresses.Read guideHow to Fix java.lang.NullPointerException Crash in MinecraftFix NullPointerException crashes in Minecraft clients and servers. Covers corrupt data, plugin bugs, mod conflicts, and world repair for Java Edition 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Pixel Format Not Accelerated in MinecraftFix the 'Pixel Format Not Accelerated' OpenGL error in Minecraft. Covers GPU driver updates, integrated graphics issues, and hardware requirements.Read guideHow to Fix Internal Exception: java.io.IOException in MinecraftFix 'Internal Exception: java.io.IOException' disconnection errors in Minecraft. Covers network interruptions, packet corruption, and server-side fixes.Read guideHow to Fix Ticking Entity Crash in MinecraftFix 'Ticking entity' crash errors in Minecraft servers and clients. Covers corrupt entities, entity removal, NBT repair, and prevention for Java Edition 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Failed to Login: Bad Login in MinecraftFix the 'Failed to login: Bad login' or 'Invalid session' error in Minecraft multiplayer. Covers authentication token refresh, session issues, and account problems.Read guideHow to Fix Connection Refused in MinecraftFix 'Connection Refused' errors when joining a Minecraft server. Covers port forwarding, firewall rules, server status, and IP configuration.Read guideHow to Fix Connection Timed Out in MinecraftFix Minecraft 'Connection Timed Out' errors. Covers DNS resolution, ISP routing, MTU settings, and firewall troubleshooting for Java Edition multiplayer.Read guideHow to Fix Outdated Server in MinecraftFix the 'Outdated server' or 'Outdated client' message in Minecraft multiplayer. Covers version matching, ViaVersion, and multi-version support.Read guideHow to Fix You Are Not Whitelisted on This Server in MinecraftFix 'You are not whitelisted on this server' in Minecraft. Covers whitelist commands, UUID issues, name changes, and Bedrock-Java whitelist problems.Read guideHow to Fix Secure Profile Required in MinecraftFix 'Multiplayer is disabled' and 'Secure profile required' errors in Minecraft. Covers chat signing, profile key issues, and server configuration.Read guideHow to Fix io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel Error in MinecraftFix io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AnnotatedConnectException and related Netty errors in Minecraft. Covers DNS, routing, port, and firewall issues.Read guideHow to Fix Low TPS and Server Lag in MinecraftFix low TPS (ticks per second) and server-side lag in Minecraft. Covers entity optimization, chunk loading, plugin profiling, and JVM tuning for 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix High RAM Usage in MinecraftFix excessive RAM usage in Minecraft clients and servers. Covers heap tuning, memory leaks, chunk optimization, and garbage collection settings for 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Minecraft Using Too Much CPUFix Minecraft high CPU usage on servers and clients. Covers profiling, entity optimization, tick loop analysis, and JVM settings for Java Edition 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Chunk Loading Lag in MinecraftFix slow chunk loading and chunk lag in Minecraft servers and clients. Covers pre-generation, async loading, view distance tuning, and disk I/O optimization.Read guideHow to Fix Entity Lag in MinecraftFix entity-related lag and TPS drops in Minecraft servers. Covers mob caps, activation ranges, entity culling, and farm optimization for 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Minecraft Stuttering and Micro-FreezesFix Minecraft stuttering, micro-freezes, and frame drops on the client. Covers garbage collection, chunk rendering, driver settings, and performance mods.Read guideHow to Fix Mods Not Loading in MinecraftFix Minecraft mods not loading or not appearing in-game. Covers mod folder placement, version mismatches, mod loader issues, and dependency errors.Read guideHow to Fix Forge Crash on Startup in MinecraftFix Minecraft Forge crashing on startup. Covers mod conflicts, missing libraries, Java version issues, and common Forge error messages for 1.21+.Read guide
How to Fix Incompatible Mods on Fabric in MinecraftFix Fabric mod incompatibilities, mixin conflicts, and version errors. Covers dependency resolution, mod conflict diagnosis, and alternative mod suggestions.Read guideHow to Resolve Mod Conflicts in MinecraftSystematic guide to finding and resolving mod conflicts in Minecraft. Covers binary search, log analysis, mixin debugging, and mod replacement strategies.Read guideHow to Fix Missing Mod Dependencies in MinecraftFix 'Missing dependencies' errors for Minecraft mods. Covers finding and installing required libraries for Forge, Fabric, and NeoForge mod loaders.Read guideHow to Fix a Minecraft Server That Will Not StartFix a Minecraft server that refuses to start. Covers Java errors, EULA acceptance, port conflicts, corrupt files, and startup script debugging for 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix World Corruption in MinecraftFix corrupt Minecraft worlds that crash or have missing chunks. Covers region file repair, MCA Selector, backup restoration, and data recovery for 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix Chunk Corruption in MinecraftFix corrupt chunks in Minecraft: void holes, invisible blocks, and crashes on chunk load. Covers MCA Selector, region file editing, and chunk regeneration.Read guideHow to Fix Player Data Corruption in MinecraftFix corrupt player data files (.dat) in Minecraft servers. Covers login crashes, missing inventories, UUID issues, and player data recovery.Read guideHow to Fix Whitelist Not Working in MinecraftFix Minecraft whitelist not blocking players, not saving entries, or not syncing across proxy servers. Covers whitelist.json, enforce-whitelist, and UUID issues.Read guideHow to Fix OP Permissions Not Working in MinecraftFix operator permissions not working in Minecraft servers. Covers op levels, permission plugins overriding OP, ops.json issues, and proxy configurations.Read guideHow to Fix Minecraft Not LaunchingFix Minecraft refusing to launch or disappearing after clicking Play. Covers Java issues, launcher bugs, corrupt game files, and GPU driver problems.Read guideHow to Fix Black Screen on Launch in MinecraftFix Minecraft launching to a black screen. Covers GPU rendering issues, OpenGL errors, fullscreen bugs, and mod-related black screen crashes.Read guideHow to Fix Minecraft Launcher CrashesFix the Minecraft launcher crashing, not opening, or freezing. Covers cache corruption, runtime issues, repair steps, and alternative launchers.Read guideHow to Fix Java Not Found in MinecraftFix 'Java not found' or 'Unable to locate Java' errors in Minecraft. Covers installing Java 21, setting JAVA_HOME, and configuring launcher paths for 1.21+.Read guideHow to Fix 32-Bit Java Issues in MinecraftFix Minecraft memory limits and crashes caused by 32-bit Java. Covers upgrading to 64-bit Java, checking architecture, and resolving heap allocation errors.Read guideMinecraft Troubleshooting Guide: Every Error and FixComplete Minecraft troubleshooting hub. Find fixes for crashes, connection errors, performance issues, mod conflicts, server problems, and launch failures.Read guideBrowse other topics
Builds & DesignHouses, castles, bases and decoration, with live 3D blueprints.Farms & RedstoneAuto farms, contraptions and every redstone component explained.
Combat & SurvivalBoss fights, mobs, gear, potions and staying alive.Server & AdminRun a server: setup, hosting, permissions, worlds and crossplay.
Crafting & ItemsRecipes, tools, exploration and how to get every item.Plugins & EconomyPlugin setup, comparisons, economy, ranks and monetization.
Compare & Best OfSide-by-side comparisons, top-10 lists and reference.